Flag Coat of arms Motto: "There is no god but God; Muhammad is His messenger" (the Shahadah) Anthem: "Aash Al Maleek" "Long live the King"

Capital (and largest city) Riyadh 24°39'N, 46°46'E Official languages Arabic Demonym Saudi, Saudi Arabian Government Absolute monarchy  -  King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz  -  Crown Prince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Establishment  -  Kingdom declared January 8, 1926   -  Recognized May 20, 1927   -  Unified September 23, 1932  Area  -  Total 2,149,690 km² (14th) 829,996 sq mi   -  Water (%) negligible Population  -  2007 estimate 24,735,000[1] (46th)  -  Density 11/km² (205th) 29/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2007 estimate  -  Total $446 billion (27th)  -  Per capita $21,200 (41st) HDI (2004) 0.812 (high) (61) Currency Riyal (SAR) Time zone AST (UTC+3)  -  Summer (DST) (not observed) (UTC+3) Internet TLD .sa Calling code +966 1 Population estimate includes 5,576,076 non-nationals. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Arabic: ??????? ??????? ????????, al-Mamlaka al-?Arabiyya as-Su?udiyya) is the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Jordan on the northwest, Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south, with the Persian Gulf to its northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 27.5 million, and its size is approximately 2,150,000 square km (830,000 square miles) The Kingdom is sometimes called "The Land of The Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest places in Islam. In English, it is most commonly referred to as Saudi Arabia (pronounced /'s?d?/ or /'sa?d? ?'?e?b??/). The Kingdom was founded by Abdul-Aziz bin Saud, whose efforts began in 1902 when he captured the Al-Saud’s ancestral home of Riyadh, and culminated in 1932 with the proclamation, and recognition of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is the world's leading petroleum exporter and petroleum exports fuel the Saudi economy.[2] Oil accounts for more than 90 percent of exports and nearly 75 percent of government revenues, facilitating the creation of a welfare state,[3][4] which the government has found difficult to fund during periods of low oil prices.[5] Human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have repeatedly expressed concern about the state of human rights in Saudi Arabia, although these concerns have been dismissed by the Saudi government.